REVIEW The 2005 World Health Organization Reevaluation of Human and Mammalian Toxic Equivalency Factors for Dioxins and Dioxin-Like Compounds

Martin Van den Berg, Linda S. Birnbaum, Michael Denison, Mike De Vito, William Farland, Mark Feeley, Heidelore Fiedler, Helen Hakansson, Annika Hanberg, Laurie Haws, Martin Rose, Stephen Safe, Dieter Schrenk, Chiharu Tohyama, Angelika Tritscher, Jouko Tuomisto, Mats Tysklind, Nigel Walker, and Richard E. Peterson World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research on Environmental Health Risk Assessment and Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculties of Veterinary Medicine, Science and University Medical Center, Universiteit Utrecht, PO Box 80177, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands; National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616-8501; Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20460; Chemical Health Hazard Assessment Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Canada, Tunney’s Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OL2, Canada; United Nations Environment Program Chemicals, International Environment House, CH-1219 Châtelaine (GE), Switzerland; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; ChemRisk, Austin, Texas; Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, YO41 1LZ York, United Kingdom; Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, Texas 77843-4466; Department of Food Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland; National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland; Environmental Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Sweden; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; and School of Pharmacy and Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, USA